A hepatobiliary scan, also known as a HIDA scan, is an imaging test used to diagnose problems in the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts. In the HIDA scan, a radioactive chemical (marker) is injected into your arm. As this marker travels through the liver to the gallbladder and into the intestine, it can be seen on a scan. The marker can show whether bile ducts are missing or blocked, and other problems. Slow movement of the marker could indicate an obstruction, blockage or a liver function problem. The risks of radiation exposure is small but you should let your doctor know if you are pregnant or might be pregnant. This procedure is also performed by a technician at an outpatient clinic.
Why is a HIDA scan performed?
A HIDA scan is usually performed to evaluate the gallbladder. It may help diagnosis situations where gallbladder disease (cholecystitis) is suspected, severe acute right upper abdominal quadrant pain or when jaundice (yellowed skin and/or eyes) is present. Elevated liver enzymes in a specific blood test may also indicate some type of gallbladder disease. A gallbladder scan may also be helpful in diagnosing biliary duct obstructions and determining gallbladder function. If the tracer moves slowly, it could show a blockage or a liver function issue. If the tracer can’t be seen, it might mean there is inflammation in the gallbladder (cholecystitis).

Image courtesy of Mayo Clinic
References
Mayo Clinic. 2023. HIDA Scan. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/hida-scan/about/pac-20384701